Green Compiler
This page shows how you can compile your Green program. First of all, you should prepare the compiler by downloading compiler.zip. Then, unzip compiler.zip in a directory, say, C:\green. It will be created a compiler directory. In a DOS window, initialize classpath:
Be very careful in typing this. A missing ; or letter will make the compiler unusable.
Compile the compiler:
cd c:\green\compiler
javac GreenCompiler\gc.java
Of course, you need the Java compiler for that. The required Java version is 1.3 or greater. The Java compiler can be got from http://java.sun.com.
The Green Compiler source code use is regulated by the GNU General Public License. Therefore you can copy, modify, and redistribute it in accordance with this license.
Suppose you created a program with classes Program, A, and B in files Program.g, A.g, and B.g. The main class is, say, Program. These files are in a directory “c:\user”. There are two ways to compile your program. The first is the easier. Create a text file “list.txt” with the names of the classes. The main class should appear first:
Program
A
B
“list.txt” should be in the directory “c:\user”, the same directory as the classes. The file extension of “list” can be anyone but “.gp”. Now, in a DOS window, type
java GreenCompiler.gc list.txt
c:\green\compiler
Of course, we assumed the current directory is “c:\user”. The second argument for the Green compiler, “c:\green\compiler”, is the directory where the compiler is. The compiler will be called and it will compile classes Program, A, and B producing some Java classes (the compiled code).
To compile the java code the compiler produced, type
do
It takes a long time to compile. To run the code, type
run
It takes a long time to run.
There is already a test program like this in directory compiler\test2. You can use it to learn how to compile in Green.
Before you type a Green program, you should know the compiler has some restrictions. Not everything that is in the manual was implemented. But almost everything was.
In the above example, the Green compiler creates a file “list.gp” containing the project of the Green program. The content of this file is given below. The project contains all the information needed to compile a program.
Program
A
B
*options
useirl
arraydir =
c:\green\compiler\test1\arraytmp
classdir =
c:\green\compiler\test1\classtmp
interfacedir =
c:\green\compiler\test1\interface
projectdir = c:\user
basiclib = c:\green\compiler\BasicTypes
wrapper =
c:\green\compiler\Wrapper
templatedir =
c:\green\compiler\ArrayCreate
lib =
c:\green\compiler\IRL
lib =
c:\green\compiler\BasicArrays
lib =
c:\green\compiler\exceptionlib
lib =
c:\green\compiler\GreenLib
lib =
c:\green\compiler\GreenLib\DS
The user could create directly a file “list.gp”. This is the second and more difficult way to compile a Green program. The Green compiler should be called as
java GreenCompiler.gc list.gp
The question you should be asking is “what is the meaning of the names that appear in list.gp ?”. That is explained later.
We made 178 programs to test the compiler. They are in the directory compiler\tests. Before compiling them, you should follow some directions:
1. go to the directory tests:
cd c:\green\compiler\tests
2. execute crebat:
java CreBat
a file z.bat will be created. Execute it:
z c:\green\compiler
File z.bat will create one directory for each test. There will be 178 of them. Each directory contains the files of the test. If the directory begins with ok, like ok-sin02, the test should compile without errors. If it begins with er, like er-sem06, the compiler should signal an error during the compilation.
Go to one of the directories created and call the compiler:
cd ok-ger01
java GreenCompiler.gc proj.gp
Then call do.bat:
do
and run:
run
The project obeys the following grammar:
Project ::= FileNameList *OPTIONS OptionsList
FileNameList ::= | FileNameList FileName
OptionsList ::= Option | OptionsList Option
Option ::=
BASICLIB "=" FileName |
LIB "=" FileName |
WRAPPER "=" FileName |
ARRAYDIR
"=" FileName |
CLASSDIR
"=" FileName |
JAVALIB
"=" FileName |
TEMPLATEDIR "="
FileName |
PROJECTDIR "=" FileName |
INTERFACEDIR "=" FileName |
SUBTYPEEQUALSUBCLASS |
USEIRL |
COMPILEONLY |
COMPILEALL
FileName ::= STRING | PATHNAME
FileNameList is a list of file names, the Green files (.g or .gi) that compose the program. They should not include the “.g” or “.gi” extension. The .gi file is a file created by the compiler for each .g file and contains the interface of the class of the .g file. “gi” stands for “Green Interface”.
After the word “*options” there should appear a list of compiler options and directories. The options are:
The list of directories should contain at least arraydir, classdir, interfacedir, templatedir, wrapper, projectdir, and basiclib. They should appear like in the example myproj.gp. arraydir should be the directory in which the compiler-created arrays are put. Each time an array like “array(A)[]” is used in the program the compiler creates an array class that is put in the directory arraydir. classdir is the directory in which the parameterized classes are put. If the program uses List(A), the compiler creates a class “List(A)” (whose Java name is $pc$List$1$_A) and puts it at directory classdir. interfacedir is the directory in which the compiler puts the interfaces representing each program method ─ the compiler creates a Java interface for each method of the program.
templatedir is where the templates for the array classes are located. Each array class is created from a generic class of the file “array-any-1.g” that should be in the directory templatedir.
basiclib is the directory of the basic classes like char and integer. wrapper is the directory of the wrapper classes like Byte and Integer. projectdir is the directory of the project itself. All classes of the program should be in this directory. Finally, there may be any number of lib directory:
lib = c:\green\mydir_1
lib = c:\mydir2
Each should contain .g or .gi files that are included in the project.
Caveat: do not change classdir, interfacedir, or arraydir directories. That is, do not do this:
classdir = c:\mydir2\classdir
interfacedir
= c:\mydir2\intdir
The compiler will not find some files it needs for the compilation.